Israel has launched a ground invasion into southern Lebanon, marking a significant escalation in its conflict with Hezbollah. This military operation began on September 30, shortly after an airstrike reportedly killed Hassan Nasrallah, the leader of the Iran-backed group.

The situation for Lebanon has become increasingly dire, with Hezbollah retaliating by firing rockets into northern Israel amidst ongoing aerial bombardment. According to Lebanese authorities, over 1,000 people have lost their lives due to these bombardments, and nearly a million individuals have been displaced from their homes.

The hostilities are rooted in a long history of conflict between Israel and Hezbollah, but the recent war in Gaza has intensified cross-border clashes over the past year. We will continue to provide updates and maps to clarify the ongoing situation.

To understand the current events better, could you explain where Israeli forces are advancing in Lebanon?

Israeli troops and tanks began crossing into Lebanon on October 1, following their deployment near the border. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have referred to these actions as “limited, localized, and targeted ground raids,” aimed at dismantling what they describe as Hezbollah’s “terrorist infrastructure.”

As the situation escalates, how are Israeli troops faring against Hezbollah’s forces?

The IDF has reported that Israeli forces are actively engaged in combat with Hezbollah fighters. Tragically, several Israeli soldiers have died from mortar attacks and ambushes orchestrated by Hezbollah during operations in southern Lebanon, which are focused on targeting terrorist elements. Hezbollah has confirmed the clashes with Israeli troops in several villages near the border.

What challenges does Israel face in executing its ground operations in southern Lebanon?

Israel’s ground maneuvers face numerous risks, especially given the hilly and mountainous terrain of southern Lebanon, which complicates tank movements and increases vulnerability to ambushes. Moreover, Hezbollah is believed to have an extensive network of tunnels in the area, indicating they may have prepared for a significant conflict since the 34-day war in 2006.

As part of the invasion, what measures is the IDF taking regarding local civilians in southern Lebanon?

The IDF has issued evacuation orders to residents in specific villages, instructing them to leave their homes and move north of the Awali River, approximately 30 kilometers from the Israeli border. Initially, evacuation warnings were focused on southeastern Lebanon, but recent orders have included southwestern villages, suggesting a potential expansion of Israeli military operations in that direction. The IDF has warned civilians against traveling south across the Litani River.

What can you tell us about the situation for civilians in the region?

Before the conflict escalated nearly a year ago, about a million people lived in southern Lebanon. Since the surge in Israeli airstrikes at the end of September, tens of thousands have begun fleeing north. The primary route for civilians attempting to escape is the coastal road, although airstrikes have targeted areas along this route, complicating their departure.

What has led to this ground invasion after nearly a year of escalating tensions?

Israel’s ground invasion follows nearly two weeks of intense air assaults aimed at Hezbollah positions throughout southern Lebanon, the Bekaa Valley, and parts of Beirut. While Israel claims to be targeting Hezbollah’s military assets, local officials report significant civilian casualties, including over 100 women and children.

In terms of military strategy, how has the balance of attacks shifted recently?

There has been a striking increase in weekly reported attacks, with the number of Israeli airstrikes on Lebanon tripling in the week prior to the ground invasion. Although Hezbollah’s attacks have been comparatively lower, they also surged during that time. Recent Israeli airstrikes have intensified against densely populated southern suburbs of Beirut, home to significant civilian populations.

What do you predict will be Israel’s next steps following these developments?

Israel is now involved in multifront hostilities against various armed groups across the Middle East, including forces in Iran and Syria, as well as other non-state actors. A recent notable event was Iran’s ballistic missile assault on Israel, which Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu condemned as a significant blunder that Iran would come to regret. The future trajectory remains uncertain, as Israel may respond decisively in the wake of these escalations.